Background: Myopia is a rapidly increasing vision disorder, particularly prevalent in adolescents, leading to long-term complications if untreated. Identifying the etiological factors contributing to myopia during adolescence is essential for developing preventive and management strategies.
Purpose: This study aims to analyze biometric parameters associated with myopia in adolescents aged 10-18 years using data from IOL Master technology, focusing on axial length, corneal curvature, and other critical ocular measurements.
Material and Method: A single-center prospective observational study was conducted from August 2023 to July 2024 at Tertiary eye care centre, Surat, on a sample of 1000 adolescents (2000 eyes) with myopia or myopic astigmatism. Data collection involved detailed eye examinations, including slit-lamp evaluations and IOL Master measurements, to assess axial length, corneal curvature, and anterior chamber depth. Statistical analysis was performed to determine correlations between myopia causes and age or gender distribution.
Results: Axial elongation emerged as the primary factor associated with myopia progression across all age groups, with notable gender-based differences in its prevalence. Corneal curvature abnormalities were more significant in younger adolescents, particularly females aged 10-12. The study findings align with previous research emphasizing axial length’s role in myopia but also suggest additional gender and age-related influences.
Conclusion: The study highlights the importance of axial length as a primary contributor to adolescent myopia. Early detection and interventions targeting axial elongation are crucial for effective management. Further research into age and gender-based differences in myopia etiology could enhance preventive strategies.
Keywords: Myopia, adolescents, axial length, corneal curvature, IOL Master, biometric parameters, eye health
