Suspected Organophosphate Poisoning in a One-Year-Old Caucasian Dog: A Case Report

Background: Organophosphate poisoning remains a critical concern in veterinary medicine, particularly among dogs exposed to pesticide-based chemicals. This report describes the clinical presentation, diagnostic findings, and management of a one-year-old female Caucasian dog, Nelly, suspected of organophosphate toxicity following exposure to otapiapia®.

Case Presentation: Nelly presented with severe weakness, recumbency, and central nervous system depression. Clinical examination revealed hyperthermia (41.6°C), tachycardia (112 bpm), and tachypnea (70 breaths/min), accompanied by excessive salivation, lacrimation, vomiting, and diarrhea classical signs of organophosphate poisoning.

Diagnostics and Management: Hematological analysis showed normal red blood cell count and hemoglobin levels, with mildly elevated mean corpuscular volume (MCV) and mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH), suggesting early hemoconcentration. Biochemical results revealed increased alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP), indicative of hepatocellular injury. Treatment included atropine sulphate, activated charcoal, dextrose supplementation, and fluid therapy, combined with intensive supportive management over three days.

Outcomes: Within 72 hours, Nelly demonstrated significant clinical improvement, with normalization of vital parameters and enzyme levels. By two weeks post-treatment, the dog had fully recovered without residual symptoms.

Conclusion: This case underscores the diagnostic and therapeutic challenges of organophosphate toxicity in dogs. Prompt recognition and early administration of atropine, coupled with supportive therapy, were pivotal to recovery. The case highlights the need for vigilant clinical monitoring and further research to enhance diagnostic accuracy and management strategies for organophosphate poisoning in veterinary practice.