Assessment of User-Centric Circulation in Selected Equestrian Centres in Kaduna State

Equestrian establishments are complex environments where people and animals interact in spaces that must be carefully designed to ensure safety, efficiency, and comfort. These facilities serve a wide range of users, each with different needs and expectations regarding movement and access. In Kaduna State, Nigeria, a region with a long-standing tradition of polo and equestrian sports, these design considerations also carry cultural importance. This study explores how the layout of circulation pathways affects the user experience in three key equestrian facilities: Fifth Chukker Polo & Country Club, Kaduna Polo Club, and Clear Water Farms. Using a qualitative approach that includes interviews, site observations, and analysis of spatial layouts, the research identifies key issues such as pathway congestion, poor signage, limited accessibility, and operational challenges. These issues are analyzed by user group, including riders, trainers, spectators, and staff, and examined through architectural concepts related to spatial organization, wayfinding, and movement behavior. The study recommends practical, culturally sensitive solutions such as separate pathways for different user groups, multilingual signage, and flexible space designs that accommodate both everyday use and special events. These findings offer valuable design guidance and highlight the importance of user-focused planning in improving safety, functionality, and overall satisfaction in equestrian environments.