Boundary Layer Analysis of Non-Darcian Casson Fluid Flow Conveying Hybrid Nanoparticles with Unequal Diffusivities over a Surface with Variable Thickness

This study incorporates trihybrid nanoparticles into Casson fluid with stratification, non-Darcian term, radiation and quartic autocatalytic chemical reaction effects over an upper surface of paraboloid of revolution. The impact of thermal stratification is examined to gain insight into its effect on boundary layer structure and energy distribution.  The flow phenomenon is described by governing equations that are converted and parameterized using suitable similarity variables.   The nonlinear ordinary differential equations obtained are subsequently resolved using the MATLAB package (bvp4c). Throughout the flow analysis, specific flow parameters are scrutinized, revealing their substantial impact on different distributions.  It was noticed that the homogeneous bulk fluid is enhanced with the growing upshot of the Grashof number.  Furthermore, an augmentation in the Brownian motion parameter leads to a higher effective thermal conductivity of the nanofluid.