Christianity, Capitalism, Humanity, and Economic Development

This study explores the intricate interplay between Christianity, Capitalism, humanity, and economic development in the contemporary global landscape. The motivation for this paper arises from the growing debates around the moral limits of markets and the ethical dimensions of economic systems shaped by religious traditions. While capitalism has driven unprecedented global growth, concerns persist regarding widening inequalities and diminishing human dignity and issues central to Christian social teachings. The objective of this study is to critically assess how Christian values intersect with capitalist structures to influence economic development that is both humane and sustainable. The paper addresses a significant gap in current literature, such as the insufficient integration of theological of theological ethics into mainstream economic development discourse. Using a qualitative methodology grounded in content analysis and interpretive synthesis, it draws on recent scholarly works and primary Christian texts to examine how principles such as stewardship, justice, and love can inform economic practices. Findings reveal that when capitalism is moderated by Christian ethical principles, it can foster more inclusive and equitable development. However, unregulated capitalism often undermines human dignity and social cohesion. The paper concludes that ethical capitalism, inspired by Christian humanism, is not only viable but necessary for sustainable development. The study therefore recommends embedding moral theology in economic policy-making and encourages faith-based institutions to actively shape economic narratives and institutions.