Optimizing Student Performance and Indoor Air Quality through Natural Lighting and Ventilation: Architectural Solutions for Enhanced Learning Environments

This research investigates the influence of natural lighting and ventilation on student performance and indoor air quality (IAQ) in secondary schools, with a focus on a proposed contemporary secondary school in Ikorodu, Lagos State, Nigeria. Utilizing a mixed-methods approach, the study examines empirical data from case studies at Caleb International British School, Lekki, and Homat Group of Schools, Ikorodu, alongside surveys and interviews with 160 stakeholders. Findings reveal that natural lighting significantly enhances student concentration and academic performance, with a strong correlation (r=0.72, p<0.001) between lighting adequacy and focus. Ventilation is critical for maintaining IAQ, reducing CO₂ levels, and improving thermal comfort, with 42.5% of respondents noting inadequate ventilation in existing structures. Proposed architectural solutions include optimized window designs, cross-ventilation systems, and thermal mass materials tailored to Ikorodu’s tropical climate. These interventions aim to create sustainable, energy-efficient learning environments that prioritize student well-being and academic outcomes.