Spatial Mismatch between Public Parking Supply and Motorist Demand in a Planned African Capital City: evidence from Abuja, Nigeria

Urban parking problems are frequently described as shortages of parking space. This is to say that the location, accessibility and temporal usability of parking supply may be as important as its aggregate amount. This study examines the spatial relationship between designated public parking supply and motorists parking demand in Phase I of the Federal Capital City (FCC), Abuja, Nigeria. A mixed-method design combined a survey of 384 motorists, field observation, spatial assessment and an inventory of designated public parking facilities. Descriptive statistics, district-level comparisons and spatial interpretation were used to identify patterns of supply, demand pressure and parking-location choice. Seven designated public parking facilities covering 17.92 ha were identified. The Old Parade Ground accounted for 34.54% of the inventoried parking area, while smaller market-oriented facilities were associated with high-activity commercial locations. On-street parking was the most common reported parking location (31.5%), compared with 20.3% for designated lots/garages; sidewalk/pedestrian-area parking accounted for 22.7%, unauthorized green-space parking for 11.5%, and double parking for 6.0%. Seventy percent of reported parking occurred in the morning and afternoon, while 72.1% of respondents parked at least twice weekly. The evidence indicates a spatial mismatch between where formal parking land is concentrated and where motorists seek convenient access to destinations, particularly in high-intensity commercial and administrative areas. The paper therefore operationalises mismatch as an empirically supported spatial misalignment. The findings support demand-responsive parking planning, improved pedestrian connectivity, better information, shared/managed parking, and district-specific management rather than uniform expansion of parking supply.

Keywords: Parking Supply; Parking Demand; Spatial Mismatch; Parking Accessibility; Motorist Behaviour; Public Space; Abuja; Nigeria; GIS; Urban Planning.